"Linear Function" Explained

y = mx+b.
m = slope.
b = y-intercept.

Key Idea: Linear Function

A linear function models a constant rate of change, represented by a straight line on a graph.


General Rule:

y=mx+b

  • = slope (rate of change)

  • b = y-intercept (value of y when x=0)


Why this matters for the SAT:

Linear functions appear in equations, word problems, and data analysis. Understanding slope and y-intercept helps interpret trends, graph lines, and solve for unknowns efficiently.

"Constant Rate" Explained

Linear function.

Key Idea: Constant Rate

constant rate means the quantity changes by the same amount over equal intervals, which creates a linear relationship between variables.


General Rule:

A constant rate is represented by a linear function of the form

y=mx+b

where mm is the constant rate of change (slope).


Why this matters for the SAT:

Recognizing constant rates helps identify linear graphs, set up proportions, and solve word problems involving steady growth or decline. It’s a key concept in both algebra and data interpretation.